Spinal opioids in postoperative pain relief 2: adverse effects
This is a two-part unit on using spinal opioids to manage postoperative pain. Part 1 outlined the pharmacology of spinal opioids. Part 2 discusses the selection of patients and their nursing care. It also focuses on the incidence of and response to adverse effects. For further information on contraindications, nursing care and patients’ clinical requirements, see Portfolio Pages.
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